Nutrition and sport

Feeding an athlete receives a special attention and need some nutrients more than others depending on: the type of exercise (strength, endurance, or speed), the duration of the sport and its intensity. Achieving high performance not only depends on their training and genetic factors also influence adequate food. This must be individualized, balanced in nutrients (carbohydrates, fats, proteins) and varied food choices. Therefore, when planning a diet for athletes there is no general pattern as each sport has some special requirements (eg the average energy consumed by a sedentary person supposed to 60-108 kcal / hour is equivalent to 1400Kcal-2592Kcal / day. Unlike an amateur runner can consume 750Kcal / hour and a professional broker 1500 Kcal / hour).
The athlete has an energy expenditure than sedentary person, in order to maintain their weight stable and higher performance in your sport, you have to compensate for the energy expended. The athlete's usual diet should be balanced, with a contribution somewhat higher in carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, vitamins and minerals. Caloric distribution in the different nutrients varies depending on the type exercise, where:
In a sedentary person: Carbohydrates (50-55%) - Proteins (12-15%) - Fat (30%)
In endurance sports: aerobic exercises, long duration and moderate intensity (running, swimming, biking, ...). Carbohydrates (60%) - Protein (15%) - Fat (25%)
In strength and speed sports: anaerobic type exercises, muscular strength and endurance exercises (weights) and aerobic exercises with anaerobic intervals (tennis, soccer, ..). Carbohydrates (57%) - Protein (17-18%)